溯因法或者溯因推理abductive reasoning,也譯反繹推理、反向推理),係推理到最佳解釋嘅過程。換句話講,佢係開始響事實集合,同推導出佢嘅最佳解釋嘅推理過程。用術語溯因(abduction)意味生成假設嚟解釋觀察或者結論,但係前者定義響哲學計算二者度更加常見。

演繹同溯因嘅唔同在於響推理入面用“ 蘊涵 ” 呢種規則嘅方向:

(下面b=結果)。(a=原因)

演繹:推導作為嘅結論,換句話講,演繹係推導已知事物嘅推論;
溯因:推導作為嘅解釋,溯因同演繹反向,通過“蘊涵”嘅前件推導自結論;換句話講,溯因係解釋已知事物嘅過程。

引用 編輯

  1. T. Eiter and G. Gottlob (1995). The complexity of logic-based abduction. Journal of the ACM, 42 (1):3-42.
  2. T. Menzies. Applications of abduction: knowledge-level modelling. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies(1996), 45 (3):305-335.
  3. Josephson, John R. and Josephson, Susan G.,(ed.,1994)Abductive Inference: Computation, Philosophy, Technology, Cambridge University Press.