追趕式捕食
如果隻獵物以直線跑,噉隻捕食者淨係需要跑得快過隻獵物,而如果隻獵物走佬途中掟彎,隻捕食者就要有夠快嘅反應更改自己路線;包括人類、狼、海豚、殺人鯨同埋蜻蜓都屬追趕式捕食者。
做法
編輯睇埋:捕食
- 齋靠速度:如果隻捕食者跑得極快,啲獵物唔夠佢快,就會畀佢追到;例如獵豹(Acinonyx jubatus)就係出嗮名純靠速度嘅捕食者,據報佢哋全力衝刺速度可以達到成時速 93 km 咁高;
- 鬼祟接近:想像隻捕食者身上有保護色,獵物難以睇到佢哋,噉隻捕食者可以靜靜雞伏喺(例如)草入面行近獵物,一旦距離有咁上下近,隻捕食者就開始追趕,隻獵物好可能會嚟唔切加到全速而畀捕食者追到;好似老虎(Panthera tigris)就出名鍾意用呢種做法[3]。
- 成群追趕:狼(Canis lupus)出嗮名興成群打獵;齋講速度或者力量嘅話,狼冇獵豹咁快,又冇老虎咁大隻[註 1],但佢哋勝在好識團隊行動-想像家吓兩隻狼一齊追住隻駝鹿噉跑,一隻喺獵物左邊追,另一隻喺獵物右邊追,噉隻獵物轉左定轉右都會畀狼一嘢撲上去咬佢[註 2];而喺現實,狼往往會起碼三四隻一齊追住隻獵物嚟咬[4];
睇埋
編輯註釋
編輯攷
編輯- ↑ Moore, Talia Y.; Biewener, Andrew A. (2015). "Outrun or Outmaneuver: Predator–Prey Interactions as a Model System for Integrating Biomechanical Studies in a Broader Ecological and Evolutionary Context". Integrative and Comparative Biology. 55 (6): 1188-97.
- ↑ Gazda, S. K.; Connor, R. C.; Edgar, R. K.; Cox, F. (2005). "A division of labour with role specialization in group-hunting bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) off Cedar Key, Florida". Proceedings of the Royal Society. 272 (1559): 135-140.
- ↑ We Now Know Why Tigers' Bright Orange Color Is Actually Excellent Camouflage.
- ↑ MacNulty, Daniel; Mech, L. David; Smith, Douglas W. (2007). "A proposed ethogram of large-carnivore predatory behavior, exemplified by the wolf". Journal of Mammalogy. 88 (3): 595-605.
- ↑ Hubel, Tatjana Y.; Myatt, Julia P.; Jordan, Neil R.; Dewhirst, Oliver P.; McNutt, J. Weldon; Wilson, Alan M. (29 March 2016). "Energy cost and return for hunting in African wild dogs". Nature Communications. 7: 11034.