政治暴力係一種為咗某啲政治原因而出現嘅暴力[1],可以包含任何方面,包括、某啲組織、甚至係平民。政治暴力嘅手法可以包括:綁架警暴刺殺酷刑心理戰、同埋游擊戰等等,甚至可以係包埋種族清洗或者種族滅絕[2]。如果係由一個唔係國嘅方面開始,就可以係暴動或者政變[3]。除此之外,一個政府對一個情況唔插手亦係一種比較暗地裏嘅方法,例如當喺饑荒嘅時候。

呢啲政治暴力好多時都係因為出現咗某種分歧,無論係社會上、種族上、政治上、定係宗教上都有可能[4]。任何幫緊敵人或者損害自己個人利益嘅,都有可能令呢啲矛盾加劇[5]

一般政治暴力都係嚟自一個支持用暴力嚟解決問題嘅世界觀,比較偏向極端嘅組織[6]。佢哋相信繼續用個國家嘅系統係唔能夠達到佢哋嘅訴求,所以一定要用暴力嘅方法嚟推翻或者重組個系統[4][7][8][9]。同樣,好多國家政府都相信一定要用暴力嘅手法,嚟嚇走想搞亂檔嘅人或者組織,避免佢哋成功推翻個政權[10][11]

  1. Bardall, Gabrielle; Bjarnegård, Elin; Piscopo, Jennifer M. (November 2020). "How is Political Violence Gendered? Disentangling Motives, Forms, and Impacts". Political Studies Journal. SAGE Publications. 68 (4): 916–935. doi:10.1177/0032321719881812. ISSN 1467-9248. LCCN 2008233815. OCLC 1641383. S2CID 213536755.
  2. Miller, Martin A. (2022). "The Dynamics of Entangled Political Violence: From the Greensboro Massacre (1979) to the War on Terror (2001)". 出自 Larres, Klaus; Hof, Tobias (編). Terrorism and Transatlantic Relations: Threats and Challenges. Security, Conflict, and Cooperation in the Contemporary World (SCCCW). Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 33–42. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-83347-3_3. ISBN 978-3-030-83347-3. S2CID 244740339.
  3. Stepanova, Ekaterina (2008). Terrorism in Asymmetrical Conflict: Ideological and Structural Aspects (PDF). SIPRI Research Report.第23卷. 牛津大學出版社. doi:10.1037/e549992011-001. ISBN 978-0-19-953356-5. OCLC 912414984. S2CID 142573156. 原先內容歸檔 (PDF)喺28 February 2022. 喺8 March 2022搵到.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Rossi, Federica (April 2021). Treiber, Kyle (編). "The failed amnesty of the 'years of lead' in Italy: Continuity and transformations between (de)politicization and punitiveness". European Journal of Criminology. SAGE Publications. 20 (2): 381–400. doi:10.1177/14773708211008441. ISSN 1741-2609. S2CID 234835036.
  5. Balcells, Laia; Stanton, Jessica A. (May 2021). Levi, Margaret; Rosenblum (編). "Violence Against Civilians During Armed Conflict: Moving Beyond the Macro- and Micro-Level Divide". Annual Review of Political Science. Annual Reviews. 24 (1): 45–69. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-102229. ISSN 1545-1577. LCCN 98643699. OCLC 42836185. S2CID 229425267.
  6. Galland, Olivier (2020). "Religious Radicalism: from Absolutism to Violence". 出自 Galland, Olivier; Muxel, Anne (編). Radical Thought among the Young: A Survey of French Lycée Students. Youth in a Globalizing World.第11卷. Hamilton, Peter翻譯. 波士頓: Brill Publishers. pp. 24–62. doi:10.1163/9789004432369_003. ISBN 978-90-04-43236-9. ISSN 2212-9383. S2CID 234647465.
  7. Fox, Jonathan (2021). "Chapter 1: FUNDAMENTALIST EXTREMISM AND POLITICS". 出自 Mathew, Mathews; Tay, Melvin (編). Religion and Identity Politics: Global Trends and Local Realities. 新加坡: World Scientific. pp. 3–26. doi:10.1142/9789811235504_0001. ISBN 978-981-123-551-1. S2CID 237868169.
  8. van Prooijen, Jan-Willem; Kuijper, Sophia M.H.C. (June 2020). Colin, Cooper (編). "A comparison of extreme religious and political ideologies: Similar worldviews but different grievances". Personality and Individual Differences. Elsevier. 159 (109888): 109888. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.109888. ISSN 0191-8869. LCCN 85647765. OCLC 04965018. S2CID 213954640.
  9. Schoenberger, Robert A. (September 1968). "Conservatism, Personality, and Political Extremism". American Political Science Review. 劍橋紐約: 劍橋大學出版社. 62 (3): 868–877. doi:10.2307/1953436. ISSN 1537-5943. JSTOR 1953436. LCCN 08009025. OCLC 805068983. S2CID 144097887.
  10. Valentino, Benjamin A. (May 2014). Levi, Margaret; Rosenblum, Nancy L. (編). "Why We Kill: The Political Science of Political Violence against Civilians". Annual Review of Political Science. Annual Reviews. 17 (1): 89–103. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-082112-141937. ISSN 1545-1577. LCCN 98643699. OCLC 42836185. S2CID 154287162.
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