流散係一種人口學現象,就係當一個民族嘅部分人,唔住喺嗰個民族原有嘅家鄉[1][2]。呢個字眼特別係用喺一班人對某一個地區有認同,但係佢哋自己就住喺另外一個地方[3][4][5]

位於德國嘅流散墨西哥人慶祝墨西哥獨立日

最出名嘅流散就係猶太人喺俾巴比倫打敗之後嘅流散人口[6]。其他歷史上喺亞洲嘅流散人口包括:亞述人[7][8]亞美尼亞大屠殺之後嘅亞美尼亞人[9][10][11]、喺19世紀期間嘅華人印度人[12]、住喺印度半島羅姆人[13]等等。喺歐洲嘅包括:喺拜占庭帝國滅亡之後嘅希臘人[14][15][16]諾曼征服英格蘭之後嘅盎格魯-撒遜人[17]饑荒期間嘅愛爾蘭人[18]、同埋1700-1800年代期間嘅蘇格蘭人[19]等等。

由於打仗嘅關係,近年有唔少都係流散人口都係嚟自中東,包括:以巴衝突開始之後嘅巴勒斯坦人[20]、黎巴嫩內戰開始嘅黎巴嫩人[21]、同埋敘利亞內戰期間嘅敘利亞人[22]。喺1979年伊朗革命之後,伊朗人歐美嘅流散人口,由50萬大增至到380萬,而最多人嘅地方係美國加拿大、同埋土耳其[23]

根據聯合國喺2019年嘅一份報告,世界上最大嘅流散人口係印度人,有1,750萬人,其次係墨西哥人,有1,180萬人,跟住係華人,有1,070萬人A[24]

睇埋

編輯
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