鋰鈷氧化物

化合物

鋰鈷氧化物英文lithium cobalt oxideLiCoO2),又叫做氧化鈷鋰物或者鈷酸鋰,係一種無機嘅化合物,一般用嚟做鋰離子電池正極材料。喺標準狀態之下(25 ,100 kPa),個物質係深藍色或者藍灰色嘅晶體[2]

鋰鈷氧化物
Lithium cobalt oxide[1]
IUPAC名
lithium cobalt(III) oxide
別名 鈷酸鋰
識別
CAS號 12190-79-3
PubChem 23670860
ChemSpider 11262976
SMILES
[Li+].[O-2].[Co+3].[O-2]
性質
化學式 LiCoO2
摩爾質量 97.87 g·mol−1
外觀 深藍色或者藍灰色嘅晶體
危險性
主要危害 有害
如果無講明,所有數據都係指25 °C,100 kPa嘅時候嘅情況。

結構

編輯

經過用X光電子顯微鏡等等嘅方法[3],可以見到種物質嘅結構係一個八面體英文Octahedron。其中一層層離子 (Li+) 喺Co3+)同O2−)之間[4]

應用

編輯

喺1980年,牛津大學東京大學嘅研究組發現可以用鋰鈷氧化物嚟做鋰離子電池正極[5]。到依家,呢個已經成為咗佢最普遍嘅用途,無論係比較大定細嘅電池都有用[6][7]

一般用鋰鈷氧化物(LiCoO2)嘅電池都好穩定,不過效果就會比某啲其他物質低,特別係含有嘅化合物[8]。不過,呢種物質如果太高溫(超過 130°C)就會開始有分解反應,而產生嘅氧氣就可能同周圍嘅其他物質有化學反應。如果這啲物質係易燃,就變成有爆炸危險[9]。所以,用鋰鈷氧化物嘅鋰離子電池唔可以過度叉電,如果唔係就會因為過熱而產生問題。

文獻

編輯
  1. 442704 - Lithium cobalt(III) oxide (2012-09-14). "Sigma-Aldrich product page". Sigmaaldrich.com. 喺2013-01-21搵到.
  2. LinYi Gelon New Battery Materials Co., Ltd, "Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LiCoO2) for lithium ion battery ". Catalog entry, accessed on 2018-04-10,
  3. I. Nakai; K. Takahashi; Y. Shiraishi; T. Nakagome; F. Izumi; Y. Ishii; F. Nishikawa; T. Konishi (1997). "X-ray absorption fine structure and neutron diffraction analyses of de-intercalation behavior in the LiCoO2 and LiNiO2 systems". Journal of Power Sources. 68 (2): 536–539. Bibcode:1997JPS....68..536N. doi:10.1016/S0378-7753(97)02598-6.
  4. Shao-Horn, Yang; Croguennec, Laurence; Delmas, Claude; Nelson, E. Chris; O'Keefe, Michael A. (July 2003). "Atomic resolution of lithium ions in LiCoO2". Nature Materials. 2 (7): 464–467. doi:10.1038/nmat922. PMID 12806387. S2CID 34357573.
  5. K. Mizushima, P. C. Jones, P. J. Wiseman, J. B. Goodenough (1980), "LixCoO2 (0<x<1): A New Cathode Material for Batteries of High Energy Density". Materials Research Bulletin, volume 15, pages 783–789. DOI:10.1016/0025-5408(80)90012-4
  6. Tang, W.; Liu, L. L.; Tian, S.; Li, L.; Yue, Y. B.; Wu, Y. P.; Guan, S. Y.; Zhu, K. (2010-11-01). "Nano-LiCoO2 as cathode material of large capacity and high rate capability for aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries". Electrochemistry Communications. 12 (11): 1524–1526. doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2010.08.024.
  7. Qi, Zhaoxiang (August 2016). "High-Performance LiCoO2 Sub-Micrometer Materials from Scalable Microparticle Template Processing". ChemistrySelect. 1 (13): 3992–3999. doi:10.1002/slct.201600872.
  8. Oswald, Stefan; Gasteiger, Hubert A. (2023-03-01). "The Structural Stability Limit of Layered Lithium Transition Metal Oxides Due to Oxygen Release at High State of Charge and Its Dependence on the Nickel Content". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 170 (3): 030506. doi:10.1149/1945-7111/acbf80. ISSN 0013-4651. S2CID 258406065. {{cite journal}}: Check |s2cid= value (help)
  9. Doughty, Daniel; Pesaran, Ahmad. "Vehicle Battery Safety Roadmap Guidance" (PDF). National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 喺19 January 2013搵到.