政策

政策zing3 caak3（英文：policy）係指政府、機構、組織或個人為咗實現目標而訂立嘅計劃。

基本定義

相關理論

Info：輕推理論

輕推理論（nudge theory）係一套有關「點樣用細微嘅操作，改變人嘅行為同決策」嘅社會科學理論。呢套諗法指出，人本性上就有好多細微嘅行為傾向，制定政策嘅人可以運用呢啲傾向作出細微操作，引導（但唔使迫）人做出「理想」嘅行為^[1]^[2]。
舉個具體例子，有唔少研究消費行為同健康嘅工作者都想諗辦法要啲人食嘢食得健康啲，即係想人食多啲蔬菜生果，食少啲垃圾食物噉。而佢哋當中有人試過用自助餐做實驗，發覺

啲人喺自助餐度攞嘢食嗰陣，傾向會攞自己最先望到嘅嘢食（細微行為傾向）；

於是佢哋就運用呢點，特登將啲健康嘅嘢食擺喺自助餐枱上樣眼嘅位，同時將啲冇咁健康嘅嘢食擺喺冇咁樣眼嘅位（細微操作）；

結果發現，呢樣操作的確能夠令食自助餐嘅人攞多啲健康嘢食；

－成功引導啲人做出「食得健康啲」（畀人認為係理想）嘅行為^[3]。
輕推理論喺 2000 年代尾源於行為經濟學（behavioral economics），不過出咗幾年就引起咗多個社科領域嘅關注，喺營銷、管理以至醫療等嘅領域上都有受到採用^[4]。

睇埋

攷

↑ Thaler, R. H., Sunstein, C. R. (2008). Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness. Yale University Press.
↑ Shariff, A. F., & Norenzayan, A. (2007). God is watching you: Priming God concepts increases prosocial behavior in an anonymous economic game. Psychological science, 18(9), 803-809.
↑ Wansink, B., & Hanks, A. S. (2013). Slim by design: serving healthy foods first in buffet lines improves overall meal selection. PloS one, 8(10), e77055.
↑ Johnson, E. J., & Goldstein, D. (2003). Do defaults save lives?. Science, 302(5649), 1338-1339.

呢篇同社會學有關嘅文係楔位文。歡迎幫維基百科擴寫佢。

[Thaler2008-1] Thaler, R. H., Sunstein, C. R. (2008). Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness. Yale University Press.

[Sharif2007-2] Shariff, A. F., & Norenzayan, A. (2007). God is watching you: Priming God concepts increases prosocial behavior in an anonymous economic game. Psychological science, 18(9), 803-809.

[Wansink2013-3] Wansink, B., & Hanks, A. S. (2013). Slim by design: serving healthy foods first in buffet lines improves overall meal selection. PloS one, 8(10), e77055.

[JohnsonGoldstein2003-4] Johnson, E. J., & Goldstein, D. (2003). Do defaults save lives?. Science, 302(5649), 1338-1339.

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