考底利耶
考底利耶（Kautilya 或者 Chanakya）(c. 350–275 BCE)[1]，前4世紀古印度政治家、哲學家，婆羅門，曾經幫旃陀羅笈多一世建立孔雀王朝。擅長權謀，後來忌人將佢叫做「印度嘅馬基雅維利」，佢寫嘅《政事論》（Arthashastra），係古印度重要政治文獻。
佢本來係古代塔克西拉大學嘅一個老師，幫第一任孔雀皇帝旃陀羅笈多一世響後生嗰陣攞到權力。響孔雀帝國嘅建立入邊，考底利耶發揮咗重要作用。孔雀帝國係考古學上有記載第一個統一印度次大陸嘅王國。考底利耶同時做咗旃陀羅笈多一世同佢個仔賓頭娑羅嘅首席顧問。
考底利耶係印度經濟學同政治學先驅，亦都係早期創立古典經濟學嘅重要人物[2][3][4][5]，喺政治學上面佢研究早過馬基雅維利約莫一千八百年[6]。考底利耶寫嘅書約莫喺笈多王朝末期失傳，1915年先搵返[3]。
逝世 改
關於考底利耶忌真實死因，我等知得唔多，而且有拗撬。一種講法係，佢根據耆那教傳統隱退到叢林，然後自己絕食而死。[7]另一種講法係，賓頭娑羅嘅丞相唔中意考底利耶，設計陷害佢，重將佢活埋致死。[8]
參考 改
- ↑ S. K. Agarwal (1 September 2008). Towards Improving Governance. Academic Foundation. p. 17. ISBN 978-81-7188-666-1. 喺2012-06-06搵到.
- ↑ L. K. Jha, K. N. Jha (1998). "Chanakya: the pioneer economist of the world", International Journal of Social Economics 25 (2-4), p. 267–282.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Waldauer, C., Zahka, W.J. and Pal, S. 1996. Kauṭilya's Arthashastra: A neglected precursor to classical economics 互聯網檔案館嘅歸檔，歸檔日期2012年2月19號，.. Indian Economic Review, Vol. XXXI, No. 1, pp. 101-108.
- ↑ Tisdell, C. 2003. A Western perspective of Kauṭilya's Arthasastra: does it provide a basis for economic science? Economic Theory, Applications and Issues Working Paper No. 18. Brisbane: School of Economics, The University of Queensland.
- ↑ Sihag, B.S. 2007. Kauṭilya on institutions, governance, knowledge, ethics and prosperity. Humanomics 23 (1): 5-28.
- ↑ Herbert H. Gowen (1929). and in a much more conventional world.or Political Theory in India Two Thousand Years Ago, Political Science Quarterly 44 (2), p. 173–192.
- ↑ Journal of Indian History. University of Kerala. 1949. p. 211. 喺2013-02-07搵到.
- ↑ Nury Vittachi (2007). The Kama Sutra of Business: Management Principles From Indian Classics. Wiley India Pvt. Limited. p. 87. ISBN 978-81-265-1454-0. 喺2012-06-06搵到.