項目反應理論

項目反應理論（英文：item response theory，IRT）係心理測量學上嘅一系列數學模型，用嚟模擬受試者答心理測驗問題嗰陣嘅過程^[1]^[2]。

概論

心理測驗係指用嚟量度心理變數嘅架生；例如智商測驗係用嚟量度智能（ $T$ ）嘅，而家要一位受試者做個測驗（俾反應），假設個智商測驗設計得夠好（真係量度到智能），每條題目出嘅分數 $X_{i}$ （項目）理應都會反映嗰位受試者嘅智能，即係話^[3]：

X=f(T)

當中 $f$ 係一個函數。IRT 想研究嘅，就係「到底 $f$ 係點嘅樣嘅呢？」呢條問題－用日常用語講，IRT 係一套理論，想分析心理測驗嘅設計，理解「心理測驗啲題目出嘅分數」同埋「受試者心理特性嘅實際數值」之間成咩關係，通常仲會嘗試運用呢啲知識改良心理測驗嘅設計^[2]^[4]。呢類噉嘅分析喺組織心理學同臨床心理學等嘅應用領域上都相當受到關注，因為呢啲領域嘅工作都成日想用問卷調查等嘅方法嚟量度某啲心理變數^[1]。

睇埋

文獻

Reise, S. P., & Waller, N. G. (2009). Item response theory and clinical measurement (PDF). Annual review of clinical psychology, 5, 27-48.

引咗

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Reise, S. P., & Waller, N. G. (2009). Item response theory and clinical measurement 互聯網檔案館嘅歸檔，歸檔日期2022年2月19號，. (PDF). Annual review of clinical psychology, 5, 27-48.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Embretson, Susan E.; Reise, Steven P. (2000). Item Response Theory for Psychologists. Psychology Press.
↑ DeMars, C. (2010). Item response theory. Oxford University Press.
↑ Lord, F.M. (1980). Applications of item response theory to practical testing problems. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

拎

（英文） "HISTORY OF ITEM RESPONSE THEORY (up to 1982)", University of Illinois at Chicago.

[reise2009-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Reise, S. P., & Waller, N. G. (2009). Item response theory and clinical measurement 互聯網檔案館嘅歸檔，歸檔日期2022年2月19號，. (PDF). Annual review of clinical psychology, 5, 27-48.

[embretson2000-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Embretson, Susan E.; Reise, Steven P. (2000). Item Response Theory for Psychologists. Psychology Press.

[3] DeMars, C. (2010). Item response theory. Oxford University Press.

[4] Lord, F.M. (1980). Applications of item response theory to practical testing problems. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

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