將臨期日曆

將臨期日曆，短期日曆一種，由將臨期頭一日，數到聖誕節，或者早一日平安夜，用來迎接聖誕^[1]。傳統上，將臨期頭日會浮動，西曆十一月卅號，至近嗰個禮拜日，咁會座落十一月廿七號到十二月三號之間。正宗日曆會由依日開始。不過近世方便起見，好多日曆會十二月一號開始^[2]^[3]。

日曆出自德國路德會，十九世紀二十世紀開始，並傳到其他基督教宗派^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]。

將臨期日曆，德文叫Adventskalender，英文譒成Advent calendar。

早年祇不過搵啲嘢數日，喺門喺牆記低數字，或者點蠟燭紀日。後尾就有繪畫曆。再後尾畫上就有門仔，逐日逐日揭。有啲門後有聖經金句。形制近似今下形式^[8]。德國納粹時曾經禁止。後美國流行，世界唔少地方亦流行。

日曆各有主題，有講馬槽聖嬰，聖誕老人，又或冬季。現今乜主題都有^[9]。二十世紀五十年代，門後放朱古力。唔少朱古力廠家都會出。之後乜都有，主題無關基督教，對象變成畀細蚊仔，放糖菓放禮物仔。

攷

↑ Penney, Sue (1999). Christianity (英文). Heinemann. p. 38. ISBN 9780435304775. In Advent, Christians use special candles and calendars. Advent candles have marks to show the days until Christmas. The candle is lit each day until it burns down to the next mark. Advent calendars have little doors to open, one for each day. Behind each door is a picture. Candles and calendars like this help to remind people that Christmas is coming closer.
↑ "Online Advent calendar created by the world" (英文). Anglican Communion News Service. November 17, 2016. 原先內容歸檔喺December 20, 2016. 喺December 8, 2016搵到. ] Christians across the world are being invited to celebrate the season of Advent through an interactive, multi-lingual online calendar. The website adventword.org goes live on Advent Sunday (27 November) in nine languages including, for the first time, Arabic. It allows people around the globe to create together an advent calendar with images shared by their mobile phones. Advent, which runs from Sunday 27 November to Christmas Eve, is the season when Christians prepare to celebrate the birth of Jesus. It is traditionally marked with the putting up of an Advent calendar to count down the days. The calendars have daily windows which are opened to reveal images, small chocolates or other gifts.
↑ Mac Donald, Sarah (November 26, 2014). "Primate launches online calendar for Advent". Catholicireland.net (英文). Catholic Ireland. 原先內容歸檔喺April 26, 2016. 喺December 8, 2016搵到. The Primate of All Ireland, Archbishop Eamon Martin, on Tuesday launched a specially commissioned 2014 Advent calendar to coincide with the beginning of Advent on Sunday 30 November. The online calendar can be found on the Irish Catholic bishops' website www.catholicbishops.ie. This year's calendar also incorporates a new feature in the form of an audio 'Thought for Today'. In a statement, the Archbishop said "Each day of Advent amounts to a period of time which allows us to journey and reflect on 'the joy of the Gospel." “As Advent is the season of preparation for the coming of our Lord, I encourage the faithful, notwithstanding our hectic schedule over the coming weeks, to make time to pray – alone and with loved ones – and by so doing to draw nearer to Christ," Archbishop Martin encouraged. The first door on the Advent Calendar will open on Sunday next 30 November and each subsequent day after that.
↑ Mills, T.J. (May 10, 2010). The Twelve Blessings of Christmas. Thomas Nelson Inc. p. 54. ISBN 9780529124319. The Advent calendar was first used by Lutherans in the early 19th century. Early printed Advent calendars had Bible verses behind little cardboard doors.
↑ Gassmann, Günther; Larson, Duane H.; Oldenburg, Mark W. (April 4, 2001). Historical Dictionary of Lutheranism. Scarecrow Press. p. 87. ISBN 9780810866201. The periods of Advent and Christmas have been especially dear to Lutherans and have provided ground for the creation and observation of customs: the rich tradition of hymn singing and church music, the Advent wreath as a sign of Christ's victory, the Advent calendar with its "windows," candles symbolizing new light in darkness, the varieties of Advent and Christmas cookies (gingerbread, fruit loaf, and so on) with several spices (originally seven, the holy number), the Christmas tree with glittering decoration and self-made figures and symbols as a reminder of the gold and treasures that the three wise men brought to the Christ Child, the cribs and tableaus within and out front of the churches and houses, and the greeting of Christmas morning by hymns and carols blown by trumpets and trombones from church towers.
↑ "The Season of Advent: Hope, Love, Joy, and Peace" (English). Reno: Faith Lutheran Church. 喺9 December 2021搵到. The Advent calendar is used to count the days of Advent in anticipation of Christmas. The Advent calendar was first used by German Lutherans in the 19th and 20th centuries but is now widely used among many Christian denominations .{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑ McLaughlan, David (1 September 2012). The Top 40 Traditions of Christmas: The Story Behind the Nativity, Candy Canes, Caroling, and All Things Christmas (English). Barbour Publishing. ISBN 978-1-62029-108-5. Like many other Christmas traditions, the Advent calendar was a German invention. It is thought to have originated among Lutheran communities and spread to other churches in the area{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑ "1. The history of Advent calendars". Doing History in Public (英文). 2015-12-01. 喺2023-12-02搵到.
↑ MacBeth, Sybil (November 1, 2014). The Season of the Nativity (英文). Paraclete Press. p. 50. ISBN 9781612616131. The variety of Advent calendars is endless, and they are available online, in bookstores, and even in some grocery stores. The "old-fashioned," meaning twentieth-century and earlier versions, are made of paper and often include pictures of Santa Claus, the manger, or winter weather. Most calendars have twenty-four little paper doors; behind each is a picture or a Bible passage.

[Penney1999-1] Penney, Sue (1999). Christianity (英文). Heinemann. p. 38. ISBN 9780435304775. In Advent, Christians use special candles and calendars. Advent candles have marks to show the days until Christmas. The candle is lit each day until it burns down to the next mark. Advent calendars have little doors to open, one for each day. Behind each door is a picture. Candles and calendars like this help to remind people that Christmas is coming closer.

[ACNS2016-2] "Online Advent calendar created by the world" (英文). Anglican Communion News Service. November 17, 2016. 原先內容歸檔喺December 20, 2016. 喺December 8, 2016搵到. ] Christians across the world are being invited to celebrate the season of Advent through an interactive, multi-lingual online calendar. The website adventword.org goes live on Advent Sunday (27 November) in nine languages including, for the first time, Arabic. It allows people around the globe to create together an advent calendar with images shared by their mobile phones. Advent, which runs from Sunday 27 November to Christmas Eve, is the season when Christians prepare to celebrate the birth of Jesus. It is traditionally marked with the putting up of an Advent calendar to count down the days. The calendars have daily windows which are opened to reveal images, small chocolates or other gifts.

[CI2014-3] Mac Donald, Sarah (November 26, 2014). "Primate launches online calendar for Advent". Catholicireland.net (英文). Catholic Ireland. 原先內容歸檔喺April 26, 2016. 喺December 8, 2016搵到. The Primate of All Ireland, Archbishop Eamon Martin, on Tuesday launched a specially commissioned 2014 Advent calendar to coincide with the beginning of Advent on Sunday 30 November. The online calendar can be found on the Irish Catholic bishops' website www.catholicbishops.ie. This year's calendar also incorporates a new feature in the form of an audio 'Thought for Today'. In a statement, the Archbishop said "Each day of Advent amounts to a period of time which allows us to journey and reflect on 'the joy of the Gospel." “As Advent is the season of preparation for the coming of our Lord, I encourage the faithful, notwithstanding our hectic schedule over the coming weeks, to make time to pray – alone and with loved ones – and by so doing to draw nearer to Christ," Archbishop Martin encouraged. The first door on the Advent Calendar will open on Sunday next 30 November and each subsequent day after that.

[Mills2010-4] Mills, T.J. (May 10, 2010). The Twelve Blessings of Christmas. Thomas Nelson Inc. p. 54. ISBN 9780529124319. The Advent calendar was first used by Lutherans in the early 19th century. Early printed Advent calendars had Bible verses behind little cardboard doors.

[GassmannLarson2001-5] Gassmann, Günther; Larson, Duane H.; Oldenburg, Mark W. (April 4, 2001). Historical Dictionary of Lutheranism. Scarecrow Press. p. 87. ISBN 9780810866201. The periods of Advent and Christmas have been especially dear to Lutherans and have provided ground for the creation and observation of customs: the rich tradition of hymn singing and church music, the Advent wreath as a sign of Christ's victory, the Advent calendar with its "windows," candles symbolizing new light in darkness, the varieties of Advent and Christmas cookies (gingerbread, fruit loaf, and so on) with several spices (originally seven, the holy number), the Christmas tree with glittering decoration and self-made figures and symbols as a reminder of the gold and treasures that the three wise men brought to the Christ Child, the cribs and tableaus within and out front of the churches and houses, and the greeting of Christmas morning by hymns and carols blown by trumpets and trombones from church towers.

[6] "The Season of Advent: Hope, Love, Joy, and Peace" (English). Reno: Faith Lutheran Church. 喺9 December 2021搵到. The Advent calendar is used to count the days of Advent in anticipation of Christmas. The Advent calendar was first used by German Lutherans in the 19th and 20th centuries but is now widely used among many Christian denominations .{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[McLaughlan2012-7] McLaughlan, David (1 September 2012). The Top 40 Traditions of Christmas: The Story Behind the Nativity, Candy Canes, Caroling, and All Things Christmas (English). Barbour Publishing. ISBN 978-1-62029-108-5. Like many other Christmas traditions, the Advent calendar was a German invention. It is thought to have originated among Lutheran communities and spread to other churches in the area{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[8] "1. The history of Advent calendars". Doing History in Public (英文). 2015-12-01. 喺2023-12-02搵到.

[MacBeth2014-9] MacBeth, Sybil (November 1, 2014). The Season of the Nativity (英文). Paraclete Press. p. 50. ISBN 9781612616131. The variety of Advent calendars is endless, and they are available online, in bookstores, and even in some grocery stores. The "old-fashioned," meaning twentieth-century and earlier versions, are made of paper and often include pictures of Santa Claus, the manger, or winter weather. Most calendars have twenty-four little paper doors; behind each is a picture or a Bible passage.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]