意識

意識（粵拼：ji3 sik1；英文：consciousness）大致上係指一個人响一般狀態（唔係瞓緊覺或者暈咗）之下，對佢附近環境嘅認知。

自從公元前嘅時代以嚟，哲學家就一路有喺度諗有關意識嘅問題，而到咗廿一世紀初，學界對於「意識要點樣定義」呢條問題仲未有完全一致嘅共識^[1]^[2]。

哲學

科學

喺現代嘅認知科學上，意識呢樣嘢可以用心理實驗嚟衡量：喺是但一個時間點，一個人嘅腦會喺度諗一大柞嘅資訊，呢啲資訊係口頭報告得到出嚟嘅，而佢同時又會無意識噉做一啲唔使諗都曉做嘅嘢，例如係行路噉，一個正常嘅大人行起路上嚟唔使特登思考「應該邊隻腳踩出去先」等嘅問題，就能夠自動噉行；而好多時，人會突然發覺自己喺冇思考過嘅情況下，就自動做咗一啲行為－即係話喺個腦處理緊嘅資訊當中，有一啲係有意識嘅，有一啲係無意識嘅，前者能夠口頭報告返出嚟，而後者就唔得。

喺認知科學上，意識大致上就係指一個知自己諗緊乜做緊乜嘅狀態^[3]^[4]。

睇埋

文獻

Philip David Zelazo; Morris Moscovitch; Evan Thompson (2007). The Cambridge Handbook of Consciousness. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-67412-6.

攷

↑ Susan Schneider; Max Velmans (2008). "Introduction". In Max Velmans; Susan Schneider (eds.). The Blackwell Companion to Consciousness. Wiley.
↑ John Searle (2005). "Consciousness". In Honderich T (ed.). The Oxford companion to philosophy. Oxford University Press.
↑ Cohen A.P., Rapport N. (1995). Questions of Consciousness. London: Routledge.
↑ Arnaud Destrebecqz; Philippe Peigneux (2006). "Methods for studying unconscious learning". In Steven Laureys (ed.). The Boundaries of Consciousness: Neurobiology and Neuropathology. Elsevier. pp. 69–80.

呢篇同哲學有關嘅文係楔位文。歡迎幫維基百科擴寫佢。

[1] Susan Schneider; Max Velmans (2008). "Introduction". In Max Velmans; Susan Schneider (eds.). The Blackwell Companion to Consciousness. Wiley.

[2] John Searle (2005). "Consciousness". In Honderich T (ed.). The Oxford companion to philosophy. Oxford University Press.

[3] Cohen A.P., Rapport N. (1995). Questions of Consciousness. London: Routledge.

[4] Arnaud Destrebecqz; Philippe Peigneux (2006). "Methods for studying unconscious learning". In Steven Laureys (ed.). The Boundaries of Consciousness: Neurobiology and Neuropathology. Elsevier. pp. 69–80.

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